Catalytic upgrading of volatiles from coal pyrolysis over sulfated carbon-based catalysts derived from waste red oil

Sulfated carbon-based catalysts, red oil-derived carbon materials (RDCMs), were prepared by the self-assembly process from industrial alkylation process waste red oil. The performance of catalysts on upgrading of coal pyrolysis volatiles was investigated in a two-stage fixed-bed reactor. Compared with activated carbon (AC) or char, RDCMs exhibited better performance in increasing the yield and fraction of light tar (boiling point