Bleeding Control with Warm Saline Irrigation during Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery

Background: Functional endoscopic sinus surgery is a surgical technique that requires a clear surgical field in which bleeding occurs during surgery may become obstacle for surgeon. Warm saline irrigation produce hemostasis to control mucosal bleeding during surgery. Objective: To demonstrate the effectiveness of warm saline irrigation as mucosal bleeding control during FESS. Cases: There were four cases, two male and one female with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) with nasal polyps and one male with allergic fungal rhinosinusitis (AFRS) underwent a FESS. A warm saline irrigation was administered during all procedures, Boezaart score was used to assessed bleeding grade during surgery. Methods: Literature search found 86 journals from Pubmed and Springer database, and there were three articles met the criteria. Results: Three articles obtained were met the criteria in term of study providing warm saline irrigation at temperatures up to 50o C as a mucosal bleeding control during FESS able to be effective in more than two hours surgical time. Conclusion: Warm saline irrigation for FESS can reduce bleeding thereby affecting a better surgical field.