Cryptococcal Pathogenicity and Morphogenesis

The aim of this review is to give an overall idea of Cryptococcus biology paying special attention to its capacity to adapt through its morphogenetic program to the hostile host environment. This morphogenetic program consists of a significant increase in capsule size and the formation of Titan cells. Research on Titan cells had been hampered by the need of obtaining these cells from the lungs of infected mice. The production of Titan cells in vitro has supposed a major step in understanding the role of this morphotype in the virulence of Cryptococcus. In this regard, Cryptococcus has acquired the capacity of inducing a heterogeneous population during infection that allows it to evade the host immune system attack, proliferate, and disseminate to the CNS where it produces meningoencephalitis which is fatal if not treated properly.