Sclerotherapy in Vascular Malformations

Sclerotherapy is performed mainly in venous and lymphatic malformations using different substances. Sclerosis in arteriovenous (AV) forms is contraindicated because an erroneous intra-arterial injection may produce extensive necrosis. Classical sclerosis is mainly performed in venous dysplasias with polidocanol, sodium tetradecyl sulphate and ethanol, among others, while in lymphatic malformations, OK-432 is preferred. Sclerotherapy with the microfoam technique significantly improves results.