Pterophyllum scalare Genome Responses to Silver Nanoparticles

The rapid emergence of nanoparticles technology holds an abundant capacity for its future applications in the aquatic environment. In this study, P. scalare was selected to be a model to evaluate the probable effects of silver nanoparticles on the fish genome responses. The homogeneity among the estimated fish samples was evaluated via the analysis of inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. Fishes were reared for certain times under silver nanoparticle stresses. Four isozyme systems (esterase, malate dehydrogenase, superoxide dismutase, and alcohol dehydrogenase) and protein separations (using the sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis) were assayed to identify biochemical genetic markers in three different fish tissues (eye, gill, and muscle) for all evaluated fish samples. No variations were appreciable among control and treated fish samples concerning protein separations. The separation of eye esterase and superoxide dismutase displays clear differences between the control and the treated fishes. The results proposed that exposure to silver Nanoparticles can change the number and intensity of some isozymes in certain fish body organs. Isozyme separations have proven to be actual probes of differential gene expression in various fish samples. More biochemical markers could be developed to monitor aquatic environmental health especially in the term of water pollution ranks in the future eco-toxicological investigations.