Carbonylation of hydrocarbons and alcohols by cationic metal carbonyl catalysts

tert -Carbocations, which were formed from hydrocarbons and alcohols, react with CO in the presence of catalytic amounts of Cu(CO) n + to give, following a workup with water tert -carboxylic acids upon workup with water catalyst. The salts of the cationic metal carbonyls such as [Pd(CO) 4 ][Sb 2 F 11 ] 2 , [Pt(CO) 4 ][Sb 2 F 11 ] 2 , [OsO 2 (CO) 6 ][Sb 2 F 11 ] 2 and [Hg(CO) 2 ][Sb 2 F 11 ] 2 promote the carbonylation of 3-hexanol and tert -C 7 carboxylic acids were obtained. Solid superacids such as Nafion, ZSM-5 to SO 4 /ZrO 2 were used instead of H 2 SO 4 , in the catalytic sequence Ag + was fixed on these solid superacids to form a silver carbonyl on the surface. The ν (CO) of the silver carbonyl was observed at 2173 cm −1 on Nafion. The Ag + -supported solid superacids showed an activity higher than the original solid superacid during the carbonylation of alcohols.