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Ultrafast Transfers of Electronic Excitation and Electron in Photosynthetic Reaction Centers
- Source :
- The Review of Laser Engineering. 31:202-206
- Publication Year :
- 2003
- Publisher :
- Laser Society of Japan, 2003.
-
Abstract
- A brief review is given on how ultrafast laser spectroscopy has been recently applied to the research of photosynthetic reaction center, which achieves the most essential energy conversion from light to chemical (physiological) energy. Photosystem I reaction center (PSIRC) is one of the several types of photosynthetic reaction center, and it is working in plants and some photosynthetic bacteria. Light-illuminated PSIRC generates the highest reducing capability among all biological systems, which is necessary for the reduction of carbon dioxide, the most controversial greenhouse effect gas. The understanding on PSIRC has been relatively delayed due to its stoichiometric and spectroscopic complexity. Thanks to the advance of ultrafast laser spectroscopy and the finely determined crystal structure in 2001, very detailed picture is being rapidly constructed on the mechanism of the electronic excitation transfer and the primary charge separation processes among the constituent chlorophylls in PSIRC. Key words: Ultrafast laser spectroscopy, photosynthesis, electron transfer, electronic excitation transfer, chlorophyll 1.はじめに 地球上の全生物は植物や光合成細菌で行われる光合成に依存している。光合成反応の本質は、太陽光を吸収した色素分子が電子励起され、その電子励起エネルギーが電荷移動のエネルギーに変換されることである。この変換を行うのが光合成反応中心と呼ばれる色素とタンパク質の複合体である。このエネルギー変換の量子効率はほとんど100%であって、人工的光合成には未到達の高みにある。 植物の緑色(反射スペクトル)は主にクロロフィル分子(Chl, Fig. 1)の吸収スペクトルによって与えられている。反応中心では, ある特別な状態におかれたChlの電子励起状態から電荷分離は開始される。Chl が有機溶媒中で孤立している時に示す最低励起一重項状態(S
Details
- ISSN :
- 13496603 and 03870200
- Volume :
- 31
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- The Review of Laser Engineering
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi...........f8522e9c91095fc3805a8bd5d5f077e8
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.2184/lsj.31.202