Comparative investigation of physicochemical properties of cadmium oxide nanoparticles

CdO nanoparticles (CdO NPs) were synthesized utilizing urea-assisted auto-combustion (AC) and microwave combustion (MC) methods. The structural, thermal, optical, morphological, and compositional analysis of the prepared samples were investigated after they were heat treated at 350 °C. The impact of heat treatment and the method of synthesis on their physicochemical properties were investigated. XRD was used to determine the phase, crystallite size, and lattice constant of CdO NPs. The modification of the phase and crystallite size of CdO NPs indicates the impact of the heat treatment and synthesis process. The annealing process raises the crystallite size from 28 nm to 45 nm for the auto combustion approach and from 24 nm to 40 nm for the microwave combustion method. Under heat treatment, the energy band gaps of CdO NPs from auto combustion method and microwave combustion method samples were determined to be 2.09 eV and 1.65 eV, respectively. The surface morphology of CdO NPs was documented by SEM, indicating that the particle's morphology was modified by the synthesis procedure. The nanoscale range of the particles is confirmed by TEM micrographs of annealed CdO NPs, which is closely matched with the crystallite size derived from XRD. TG-DTA was used to examine the thermal characteristics of annealed CdO NPs.