EUS STAGING OF ESOPHAGEAL CANCER

With the development of the endoscopic US system, the gastrointestinal (GI) wall was usually imaged as a five-layered structure, due to the different US properties of the mucosa, submucosa, and muscularis propria. The average accuracy of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) for T-staging of esophageal cancer is 84% by means of the collected results of 21 recently published reports. The average diagnostic accuracy of the N stage by the TNM classification according to the aforementioned reports was 77%. EUS investigation is very effective in the evaluation of pre- and post-neoadjuvant therapy and this method will be further developed by the recent development of three-dimensional (3D) EUS investigation which makes it possible to directly measure tumor volume.