Development of microbial community structure in vegetable-growing soils from open-field to plastic-greenhouse cultivation based on the PLFA analysis

The objectives of this study were to investigate (i) how the changes in cultivation pattern of vegetable affect soil microbial communities and (ii) the relationships between soil physico-chemical properties and microbial community structure. Soil samples were collected from fields growing vegetable crops with various times of plastic-greenhouse cultivation (0, 1, 4, 7 and 15 years, respectively). Phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis was conducted to reveal the soil microbial community of the test soils. The open-field soil had the highest total PLFAs amount. Although the Shannon-Weaver index was also highest in the open-field soil, the difference was not significant. Plastic-greenhouse cultivation decreased PLFAs species diversity and richness. Cluster analysis and principal component analysis (PCA) of the PLFA profiles revealed distinct groupings at different times during plastic-greenhouse cultivation. Ultimately, PLFA analyses showed that long-term plastic-greenhouse cultivation make the physiological status of soil microbial community worse and increased stress level of microorganisms. And soil microbial community was significantly affected by field water capacity and water-soluble organic carbon. The study highlights the potential risk of long-term plastic-greenhouse cultivation to soil microbial community.