Ice Temperature near the Surface of Glacier AX010 in Shorong Himal, East Nepal

Temperature in the ice layer of a glacier in the Nepal Himalaya was measured during the summer monsoon season in 1978, and at the end of March and in early September in 1979. It can be concluded from the subsequent alalysis that ice temperature in the upper part of the glacier increased with heat conduction, and was not affected by latent heat with the formation of superimposed ice. The annual mean temperature in the ice layer of the glacier was estimated to be in the range from -2.3°3 to -3.1°C in the region between the altitudes of 5007 and 5195 m, with a lapse rate of 0.47°C/100 m, so the glacier is of the polar type. The amount of superimposed ice formed in summer was estimated from a temperature profile to be 3.4 cm in water equivalent at an altitude of 5195 m.