Corticosteroid insensitivity is reversed by formoterol via phosphoinositide-3-kinase inhibition

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) show a poor response to corticosteroids, which has been linked to oxidative stress. Here we show that the long-acting β2-agonist formoterol (FM) reversed corticosteroid insensitivity under oxidative stress via inhibition of phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) signalling.