Сравнительный анализ обусловленных возрастом изменений структуры митохондриального аппарата скелетных мышц видов с различной продолжительностью жизни

Comparative analysis of age-related changes in the ultrastructure of the mitochondrial apparatus of skeletal muscle was performed using electron microscopic and morphometric methods in specimens with different aging programs: short-lived, well-studied classical species -mice (C57BL \ 6), Wistar rats; prematurely aging OXYS rats; and animals with delayed aging - naked mole-rat (Heterocephalus glaber). In mice age-related changes in organization of the mitochondrial apparatus of skeletal muscle was shown to correspond with the previously studied for Wistar rats: the mitochondrial reticulum is formed to 2.5-3 months of age, to 30 months of age there is a significant reduction of the mitochondrial apparatus as the result of a decline in the number of mitochondria – number of sections of mitochondria in muscle fibers is reduced by almost 2 times – from 0.45±0,074 sections per µm2 to 0.23±0,017 sections per µm2. Destructive changes in the mitochondrial ultrastructure were not observed, in contrast to OXYS rats, in which age-related changes in the chondriome affect both the overall structure of the mitochondrial apparatus of muscle fibers and the internal ultrastructure of organelles. At the same time, in a small rodent similar in size to mice, Heterocephalus glaber, the number and size of mitochondria in skeletal muscle increases significantly by the age of five, but the mitochondrial reticulum does not form.