Visual and Robotic Guidance Systems for Transcatheter Implantation of Heart Value Prostheses

Transcatheter heart valve prosthesis implantation (TCHVPI) is a complex method whose results depend on each of the components of the biotechnological system, such that complications cannot always be avoided. New medical technologies, namely robot systems (RS) and visual guidance systems (VGS) have been developed to counter these problems and make the procedure less dependent on the human factor. This review discusses the main current and potential VGS and RS technologies; the role of their integration is discussed and the main requirements for next-generation TCHVPI RS are evaluated.