Evaluation of Body Condition in the Northwest Atlantic Harp Seal (Phoca groenlandica)

We evaluated body condition in 315 harp seals (Phoca groenlandica) obtained between 1988 and 1991. Total percent lipid of blubber did not vary between the five body sites and three depths sampled. In nine winter specimens, blubber, carcass, viscera, and skin contributed 89.5, 8.7, 0.9, and 0.9% of total body lipid. Pregnant females in winter had higher percent lipid in muscle than males, but no difference was observed in percent lipid in liver or blubber or in liver mass. Those females obtained 1 mo postpartum had the highest percent lipid in muscle and liver, the heaviest livers, but the lowest blubber lipid content. Sculp mass (skin with attached blubber) increased from autumn through late winter, with pregnant females having heavier sculps than males in winter. Both sculp and core mass varied on a seasonal and annual basis in males and females. Blubber was most variable dorsally between 40 and 70% of length, measured from the snout, and thickest at 50%, coincident with the position of maximum girth. Blubber thickness measured over the sternum was significantly less variable than at the 50% dorsal position. The direct measurements of body component masses may be necessary to detect subtle differences in body condition.