Efficiency and quality of soil sampling according to a sampling tool

Soil sampling is a fundamental stage for recommending agricultural correctives and fertilizers, estimating the nutritional demands of plants, and consequently maximizing productivity. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the performance of three soil samplers in different management systems in terms of sample quality and operational efficiency. A completely randomized experimental design was used in a factorial scheme. Three samplers and two sampling depths (3 × 2) were used with four replicates. At each sampling location, eight single samples were taken at a varying sampling depth of 0.0-0.2 and 0.2-0.4 m, and the collection time was recorded. Samples were analyzed for chemical attributes and granulometry. Statistically significant differences were observed for specific attributes (organic matter, K, Ca, CEC, pH, and S). In terms of operational efficiency, the hydraulic sampler was more efficient than the other samplers, being three times faster than the combustion drill and six times faster than the manual probe. Thus, it is suitable and reliable for soil sampling purposes.