Characterizing nanoimprint profile shape and polymer flow behavior using visible light angular scatterometry

The profile shape and the flow behavior of polymer nanoscale gratings made by a thermal nanoimprint process are precisely examined using visible light angular scatterometry. Nanoimprinted poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) lines with 60–800nm width, 100–200nm height, and varied residual thicknesses of 70–400nm have been investigated using this optical approach, and insightful observations are made regarding residual stress buildup during thermal nanoimprint. In addition, a nonlinear profile model has been developed for scatterometry to monitor the “melting” behavior of PMMA gratings under annealing around its glass transition temperature. The polymer nanostructures were found to relax primarily at high stress regions.