Curcumin co-treatment ameliorates resistance to gefitinib in drug-resistant NCI-H1975 lung cancer cells

Objective To examine whether a combinative treatment with curcumin enhances the effects of the epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) gefitinib on cell proliferation, clonogenic capacity and apoptosis in the drug-resistant lung cancer cell line NCI-H1975, and further investigate the molecular mechanisms involved. Methods NCI-H1975 cells were treated with curcumin and gefitinib alone or in combination, and cell proliferation, clonogenic capacity and apoptosis were examined using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, clone forming experiments, and flow cytometry, respectively, while p38, extracellular regulated protein kinase (ERK)1/2, and protein kinase B (AKT) phosphorylation were examined using Western blotting. Results Compared with the effects of either agent alone, the combination of curcumin and gefitinib had a stronger suppressive effect on proliferation and the clonogenic capacity ( P P P Conclusion Co-treatment of curcumin and gefitinib significantly improves the ability of gefitinib to inhibit cell proliferation, suppress the clonogenic capacity and enhance apoptosis in NCI-H1975 cells, and these effects are possibly mediated via a decrease in phosphorylation of proteins in downstream pathways of the epidermal growth factor receptor.