Electrochemical extraction kinetics of Nd on reactive electrodes

Pyroprocessing technology with molten salt electrolysis as the core is a promising technology for the reprocessing of spent fuel. In this work, the electrochemical reduction mechanism and kinetic properties of Nd3+ on various electrodes (inert W and reactive Al, Ga, Bi, Cd, Zn, Pb, and Sn electrodes) were systematically investigated and compared in LiCl-KCl eutectic melts using cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and Tafel techniques. The electrochemical reduction of Nd3+ was a two-step process on the W electrode including Nd3+→Nd2+ and Nd2+→Nd, while it became a one-step process involving three electrons on the reactive electrodes with obvious depolarization effects. Furthermore, the connections between the reduction potentials of Nd3+ on these reactive cathodes and the formation energies of the electrode-rich alloy phases (Al11Nd3, Cd11Nd, Pb3Nd, Zn17Nd2, Ga6Nd, Sn3Nd, BiNd2) were established. After evaluating the physicochemical, depolarization and kinetic properties of these reactive electrodes, liquid Cd was considered as the most favorable material for the electrochemical extraction of Nd. In addition, Al, Cd, and Bi are also promising candidates for An / Ln separation.