Microbeam MAD Beamline for Challenging Protein Crystallography in TPS

The TPS-05A beamline is the first X-ray beamline at NSRRC built for micro protein crystallography experiment as well as one of the seven ID beamlines in phase I at the TPS synchrotron facility. A 2-meter in-vacuum undulator (IU22) serves as the photon source from which the harmonics #3 to #9 will provide brilliance of 1018−1020 photons s−1 mrad−2 mm−2 (0.1% bandwidth)−1 and photon flux of 1013−1014 photons s−1 (0.1% bandwidth)−1 in the required energy range of 5.7−20 keV (2.175−0.620 A) to cover MAD phasing experiments at 1 A and SAD phasing experiments at 2 A. The beamline optics consists of a cryo-cooled double crystal monochromator (DCM) and a pair of focusing K-B mirrors. Requirements from the user group include a target focus size of 50 μm × 50 μm (H × V) at the sample position, photon flux greater than 2 × 1012 photons s−1 at Se K-edge (0.9795 A), pinholes for adjusting the beam size down to 5 μm. Calculation of heat load for the first optical element, i.e. the first crystal of DCM, is included in this paper.