Outcomes of Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Elderly Multiple Myeloma Patients - a Single Network Experience

Introduction Determining eligibility for autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (Auto-HCT) is considered standard of care for patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM). In addition to comorbidity score, age >65 years is still a commonly used criterion to deem patients ineligible for transplant. Here we report the outcomes of patients ³ 65 years with MM who underwent Auto-HCT following risk stratification using HCT-CI along with other eligibility criteria. Methods We performed a retrospective analysis of 102 patients, who underwent Auto-HCT between 1/1/1999 and 12/31/2018 at Allegheny Health Network Cancer Institute. Ninety two patients (90%) received conditioning with Melphalan 200 mg/m2. Median overall survival (OS) was estimated at day+100, day+180, 1, 2, 3 and 5 years post Auto-HCT. Non-relapse mortality (NRM) was assessed at day 100 post Auto-HCT. Results For a cohort of 102 patients, a total of 119 Auto-HCT were performed. Median age at transplantation for the entire cohort was 69.2 years (65.1 - 79.4 years). Thirty five (34.3%) patients were aged ³70 years. Median HCT-CI score was 3 (range: 0-8). Median time to Auto-HCT following diagnosis was 9.1 months (range: 4.7- 176.7 months). Median time to ANC500 and PLT20 was 13 days (range: 10-15) and 18.4 days (range:8-42) respectively. Median OS by Kaplan-Meier analysis for the entire cohort vs patients ³ 70 years at day+100, day+180, 1, 2, 3, and 5 years post Auto-HCT was 97.1%, 95.1%, 91.2%, 83.3%, 78.4%, and 63.7% respectively vs 100%, 100%, 97.1%, 82.9%, 77.1% and 68.6% respectively. Median OS in months for patients Conclusion Auto-HCT in patients with MM aged ³65 years is safe, effective and should be offered to all patients with a reasonably good performance status. A fully integrated approach is required to accomplish the needs of elderly patients including consideration for quality of life.