The Thinking Process

In this chapter, we discuss the basic mechanisms of mental functions involved in the thinking process and the universal, intellectual standards for critical thinking, as suggested by the Foundation for Critical Thinking. We will also discuss the basic structure of the parts of the brain involved in the thinking process and their interconnections (neural circuitry). Other mental functions, such as emotions, which influence thinking, are reviewed. We discuss the importance of listening in the process of collecting information to think with. We also emphasize the importance of language and semantics in thinking.