Metabolomics for rice quality and traceability: feasibility and future aspects

Rice traceability is one of major challenges to prevent illegal rice trading by adulterating with low quality rice and mislabeling low quality rice with the premium one. Current measures to protect illegal rice trading have been established, but more accurate and practical methods are still needed to detect rice traceability to assure quality and authenticity of rice. This review describes metabolomics approaches applicable for rice geographical origin classification and quality assessment over the past two decades. In addition, future aspects for miniaturization and portability of ambient mass spectrometry and vibrational Raman spectroscopy to be used for rice traceability are discussed for on-site testing and industrial applicability.