Interfacial Phenomena and Inclusion Formation Behavior at Early Melting Stages of HCFeCr and LCFeCr Alloys in Liquid Iron

Chromium is normally added to liquid alloy in the form of different grades of ferrochromium (FeCr) alloys for the requirement of different alloy grades, such as stainless steels, high Cr cast iron, etc.. In this work, inclusions in two commercially produced alloys, i.e., high-carbon ferrochromium (HCFeCr) and low-carbon ferrochromium (LCFeCr) alloys, were investigated. The FeCr alloy/liquid iron interactions at an early stage were investigated by inserting solid alloy piece into contact with the liquid iron for a predetermined time using the liquid-metal-suction method. After quenching these samples, a diffusion zone between the alloys and the liquid Fe was studied based on the microstructural characterizations. It was observed that Cr-O-(Fe) inclusions were formed in the diffusion zone, FeO x inclusions were formed in the bulk Fe, and an “inclusion-free” zone was detected between them. Moreover, it was found that the HCFeCr was slowly dissolved, but LCFeCr alloy was rapidly melted during the experiment. The dissolution and melting behaviors of these two FeCr alloys were compared and the mechanism of the early-stage dissolution process of FeCr alloys in the liquid Fe was proposed.