Kinetics of hydroxide and nitromethide ion addition to substituted .beta.-nitrostyrenes in dimethyl sulfoxide-water mixtures. Solvent dependence of .pi.-donor substituent effects and of intrinsic rate constants

The kinetics of nucleophilic addition of hydroxide (k 1 OH ) ion and nitromethide (k 1 NM ) ion to phenyl-substituted β-nitrostyrenes (Z=4-Me 2 N, 4-MeO, H, 3-C1, 4-Br, 4-CN, and 4-NO 2 ) have been measured in water, 50% Me 2 SO-50% water, 70% Me 2 SO-30% water (OH - reaction only), and 90% Me 2 SO-10% water