Composition of Electron Transport Layers in Organic Solar Cells (OSCs)

The research on organic solar cells has attracted researcher attention because of their flexibility, low cost and relatively simple processing methods. However, the efficiency issue is the shortcoming of organic solar energy, and one of the key factors affecting the power conversion rate is the utilization of electron transport layer. Among the materials used for the electron transport layer, metal oxides are widely used due to their stability, ease of preparation and tunable energy band structure. This article review the advantages and disadvantages of metal oxides as electron transport layers particulary focus on SnO2, TiO2 and ZnO. The different nanostructures properties of the materials is also explores. A brief discussion on the use of metal oxides as electron transport layers in improving the performance of organic solar cells in the future is also elucidated.