Generalizable cursor click control using grasp-related neural transients

Intracortical brain-computer interfaces (iBCI) have the potential to restore independence for individuals with significant motor or communication impairments. One of the most realistic avenues for clinical translation of iBCI technology is to enable control of a computer cursor—i.e. movement-related neural activity is interpreted (decoded) and used to drive cursor function. Both nonhuman primate and human studies have demonstrated high-level cursor translation control using attempted upper limb reaching movements. However, cursor click control—based on identifying attempted grasp—has only been successful in providing discrete click functionality; the ability to maintain click during translation does not yet exist. Here we present a novel decoding approach for cursor click based on identifying transient neural responses that emerge at the onset and offset of intended hand grasp. We demonstrate in a human participant, who used the BCI system independently in his home, that this transient-based approach provides high-functioning, generalized click control that can be used for both point-and-click and click-and-drag applications.