Failure of Hot Forging Dies –An Updated Perspective

The failure analysis of the damaged surfaces is crucial for the selection of most expedient process and processing parameters leading to longer mean time between failures. Many procedures are being developed and deployed to determine the kind and severity of failure and to prevent the hot forging die failure. In spite of all these efforts, the losses still occurred in terms of profitability. However, there is no comprehensive review of failures of hot forging dies, to examine and understand their current research status to solve the failure problem, has been done. Here, an updated review of various kinds of failures and their causes has been presented in general. The goal of this paper is to communicate an updated perspective of kind of failures such as wear (Abrasive and Adhesive), plastic deformation, fatigue (thermal and mechanical) occurs due to high thermal combats, mechanical strain, whorled loading and corrosion while hot forging process. The paper will help the better understanding of directions in which research of failure analysis has been done relevant to the hot forging industries and will assist in the prevention/prolongs of die failure.