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Preparation of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose from paper sludge
- Source :
- Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology. 84:427-434
- Publication Year :
- 2009
- Publisher :
- Wiley, 2009.
-
Abstract
- BACKGROUND: This paper describes the reuse of paper sludge, an industrial solid waste, for the preparation of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). The process includes pretreatment, basification and etherification. RESULTS: The optimal pretreatment condition involved the addition of 6.7% hydrochloric acid to the paper sludge for 30 min at 70 °C. The order of factors influencing the effect of reaction was: etherification temperature > sodium hydroxide dose > basification temperature > etherification time > sodium chloroacetate dose. The optimal preparation condition of CMC was: mpapersludge: msodiumhydroxide: msodiumchloroacetate = 0.9:0.8:1.15; basification at 40 °C; etherification at 60 °C for 1 h. Under these conditions, certified CMC with viscosity less than 20 mPa· s, DS more than 0.50 and purity more than 90% was produced. The results of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectra analyses indicated that the product has characteristics of high degree of substitution (DS) and low crystallinity. The coated paper using CMC prepared from paper sludge as a water retention agent can meet the quality standards of GB/T 10335.1-2005. CONCLUSION: Preparation of CMC from paper sludge can be considered a feasible alternative, generating value-added product and contributing to solving environmental problems resulting from paper sludge. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry
- Subjects :
- Coated paper
Chromatography
Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment
Chemistry
General Chemical Engineering
Sodium
Organic Chemistry
chemistry.chemical_element
Hydrochloric acid
Pollution
Carboxymethyl cellulose
Inorganic Chemistry
chemistry.chemical_compound
Fuel Technology
Sodium hydroxide
medicine
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
Cellulose
Sodium chloroacetate
Waste Management and Disposal
Biotechnology
medicine.drug
Nuclear chemistry
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 10974660 and 02682575
- Volume :
- 84
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi...........d77c19b28e1e9ffc884828e34546c7ba