The advantages of femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery for zonulopathy

Zonulopathy is a major concern if found during cataract surgery as it can cause further complications. Such complications may occur during continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis (CCC), lens fragmentation and intraocular lens (IOL) implantation. Femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS) devices, such as the LenSX (Alcon Laboratories) are advantageous because they can detect the area and largest point of zonulopathy via anterior segment optical coherent tomography (AS-OCT) before the manual part of the procedure. CCC and lens fragmentation can also minimize further zonular stress. A symmetrical CCC is ideal for IOL implantation in the sulcus with optic capture. In the present study, we did not detect significant zonular dehiscence preoperatively in either of the eyes of our 68-year-old patient when using AS-OCT (CASIA2 Tomey). However, LenSx AS-OCT revealed zonular dehiscence in both eyes, perioperatively. We created CCC and lens fragmentation without causing stress to the zonules. In the subsequent manual part of procedure, we found zonular dehiscence in the same area as indicated by LenSx AS-OCT, which extended to approximately 200° in the right eye and 180° in the left. After lens fragmentation by LenSx, we successfully removed the lens without further zonular dialysis. However, zonular dialysis (>180°) in the right eye was too large to insert an IOL, either in the capsule or the sulcus. Therefore, we performed scleral IOL implantation. In the left eye, we avoided using capsular tension ring (CTR) for IOL placement to avoid further iatrogenic damage to the zonule. Instead, an IOL was inserted into the sulcus with optic capture to reduce the possibility of further stress to the zonula and phimosis. Post-surgically, the patient regained good eyesight in both eyes. This case illustrates the advantages of FLACS in addressing zonulopathy. The consistent creation of CCC and lens fragmentation by FLACS may increase success rates, even in unexpectedly challenging cases.