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The seeding of ice algal blooms in Arctic pack ice: The multiyear ice seed repository hypothesis
- Source :
- Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences. 122:1529-1548
- Publication Year :
- 2017
- Publisher :
- American Geophysical Union (AGU), 2017.
-
Abstract
- During the Norwegian young sea ICE expedition (N-ICE2015) from January to June 2015 the pack ice in the Arctic Ocean north of Svalbard was studied during four drifts between 83° and 80° N. This pack ice consisted of a mix of second-year, first-year and young ice. The physical properties and ice algal community composition was investigated in the three different ice types during the winter-spring-summer transition. Our results indicate that algae remaining in sea ice that survived the summer melt season are subsequently trapped in the upper layers of the ice column during winter and may function as an algal seed repository. Once the connectivity in the entire ice column is established, as a result of temperature-driven increase in ice porosity during spring, algae in the upper parts of the ice are able to migrate towards the bottom and initiate the ice-algal spring bloom. Furthermore, this algal repository might seed the bloom in younger ice formed in adjacent leads. This mechanism was studied in detail for the often dominating ice diatom Nitzschia frigida.The proposed seeding mechanism may be compromised due to the disappearance of older ice in the anticipated regime shift towards a seasonally ice-free Arctic Ocean.
- Subjects :
- 0106 biological sciences
Drift ice
Atmospheric Science
geography
geography.geographical_feature_category
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences
Ecology
010604 marine biology & hydrobiology
Ice stream
Paleontology
Soil Science
Forestry
Antarctic sea ice
Aquatic Science
01 natural sciences
Arctic ice pack
Ice shelf
Oceanography
Fast ice
Sea ice thickness
Sea ice
Environmental science
0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Water Science and Technology
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 21698953
- Volume :
- 122
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi...........d4181a1fd9a3b5eb6850873b6061f2d3