South-West Tanna Grammar Outline and Vocabulary

SOUTH-WEST TANNA GRAMMAR OUTLINE AND VOCABULARY. 1 1. INTRODUCTION 1 1.1. Location 1 1.2. External relations 3 1.3. Data and organisation 3 1.4. Abbreviations 4 2. PHONOLOGY AND ORTHOGRAPHY 5 2.1. Consonants 5 2.2. Vowels 7 2.3. Phonotactics 8 2.4. Stress 10 3. MORPHOLOGY 11 3.1. Verbs 11 3.1.1. Verbal affixes (declarative mode) 12 3.1.2. Verbal affixes (interrogative mode) 23 3.1.3. Verbal affixes (imperative mode) 23 3.1.4. Summary 24 3.2. Nominals 25 3.2.1. Pronouns 25 3.2.2. Directly possessed nouns 27 3.2.3. Other nouns 28 3.2.4. Derivational morphology 29 3.3. Modifiers 31 3.3.1. General modifiers 31 3.3.2. Verbal modifiers 31 3.3.3. Nominal modifiers 32 3.3.4. Quantifiers 32 3.3.5. Grammatical number markers 32 3.3.6. Demonstratives 33 3.4. Adjectives 33 4. SYNTAX 34 4.1. Phrases 34 4.1.1. Verb phrases 34 4.1.2. Noun phrases 35 4.1.3. Location phrases 36 4.1.4. Time phrases 39 4.1.5. Dative phrases 40 4.1.6. Benefactive phrases 40 4.1.7. Instrumental phrases 40 4.1.8. Causative phrases 41 4.1.9. Case-markers: Summary 41 4.2. Noun phrase expansions 41 4.2.1. Coordination 41 4.2.2. Relativisation 42 4.2.3. Complex location phrases 43 4.2.4. Possession 43 4.3. Clauses 47 4.3.1. Verbless clauses 47 4.3.2. Verbal clauses 48 4.4. Sentences 53 4.4.1. Simple sentences 53 4.4.2. Complex sentences 56 5. TEXTS 58 5.1. Nɨvaru 58 5.2. Mwig 61 6. VOCABULARY 63 6.1. South-west Tanna vocabulary 63 6.2. English finder list 77Map 2Notes 88Bibliography 91