Dielectric relaxation phenomenon of rare earth Nd3+ modified bismuth layer ferroelectric ceramics fabricated by plasma active sintering method

The crystalline structure, dielectric relaxation and ferroelectric properties of the solid solution, Nd x Bi4-x Ti3O12 (NBIT) compound were measured. The Curie temperature of the NBIT ceramics was determined to be 490°C from dielectric measurements. The dielectric constant of the NBIT ceramics shows a small anisotropic property. Polarization switching was observed using a Sawyer-Tower circuit at 50 Hz. Remnant polarizations and coercive fields could not be confirmed since the hysteresis loops were not saturated. The large dielectric relaxation is observed in the frequency range between 100 kHz and 1 MHz.