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Serological profile of first SARS-CoV-2 reinfection cases detected within the SIREN study

Authors :
Edward J.M. Monk
Monika Patel
Maria Zambon
Robin Gopal
Matteo Ferrari
Michelle J Cole
C Favager
Ashley Otter
Colin S Brown
S. K. Jain
Meera Chand
Sarah Foulkes
Javier Castillo-Olivares
E. Nastouli
Amanda Semper
Jonathan L. Heeney
Ana Atti
Jacqueline Hewson
J Murira
Tim Brooks
Jasmin Islam
Susan Hopkins
Katja Hoschler
Mariyam Mirfenderesky
Victoria Hall
Source :
Journal of Infection. 84:248-288
Publication Year :
2022
Publisher :
Elsevier BV, 2022.

Abstract

Summary Objectives To describe the serological profile of first two SARS-CoV-2 confirmed reinfections in the national healthcare worker cohort study SARS-CoV-2 Immunity and Reinfection Evaluation (SIREN) and potentially identify correlates of protection against reinfection. Methods In addition to routine testing within the SIREN study, viral culture, sequencing and phylogenetic analysis were performed. Total antibody testing (Anti-SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid and Anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike) were complemented by receptor binding domain indirect ELISA and neutralising antibody assays. Results The first two SARS-CoV-2 confirmed reinfections had mild symptomatic illness episodes from which infectious virus was recovered at the time of reinfection. The recovered viruses and their sequences were closely related to viruses circulating locally during the time of reinfection and serology was consistent with reinfection. Prior to reinfection, both cases had ELISA and immunoblot detectable anti-N antibodies, but lacked live virus neutralising antibody. Within days following reinfection, neutralising antibodies became detectable and anti-N and anti-S binding antibodies were boosted. Conclusions We hypothesise that titres of neutralising antibody can be used as a correlate of protection against reinfection. Further analysis using a case-control design is essential in order to confirm this hypothesis.

Details

ISSN :
01634453
Volume :
84
Database :
OpenAIRE
Journal :
Journal of Infection
Accession number :
edsair.doi...........d26097f19e0101b5d15a3ad0b873ea1e