Visualization of Anomalous Coronary Artery in the Presence of Arrhythmia Using Radial Balanced Fast Field Echo Coronary Magnetic Resonance Angiography

A 41-year-old man presented with recurrent syncope since the age of 10, along with tachyarrhythmia and angina pectoris during exercising. The patient had undergone x-ray angiography in a foreign country where a single coronary artery was seen, and he was sent to our hospital for further evaluation and therapy. Standard coronary MRA with navigator-gated free-breathing cardiac-triggered T2-prepared 3D gradient echo imaging and cartesian k-space sampling (Figure, A; Movie I) was performed, demonstrating major motion artifacts due to tachyarrhythmia (heart frequency varying between 72 and 105 bpm [mean 92]). Thus, this …