Holographic and Nonholographic Organic–Inorganic Hybrids

In this article, we review the concepts of holographic and nonholographic organic-inorganic hybrids, both comprising a liquid crystal layer adjacent to inorganic crystalline windows. Photo-generated fields from photorefractive (holographic) or photovoltaic (nonholographic) crystalline windows govern the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules in the hybrid cells. Holographic hybrids have been used to demonstrate a high gain Bragg-matched beam coupling, whereas nonholographic hybrids have been used to demonstrate a lensing effect.