Water Usage in the Pulp and Paper Processes

The pulp and paper industry uses large volumes of water. Much water is lost to evaporation during production resulting in high demand for fresh water. The industry has made steady progress over the past three decades in reducing its relative water footprint. A growing market for equipment and services in pulp and paper water and wastewater treatment is seen. In this chapter water usage and consumption are presented. Water consumption standards are also presented.