Green Intellectual Capital in the Spanish Wine Industry

The present research analyzes the different factors that influence the formation of green intellectual capital (GIC) in wine companies, contributing to the academic literature in a remarkable way, since, to the authors' knowledge, no research has been identified that addresses such typology of organizational intangibles in the wine industry. Through a case study, the research indicates that, from a green human capital (GHC) point of view, workers' knowledge derived from environmental awareness sessions or seminar attendance are key to enhance this set of intangibles. As for green structural capital (GSC), circular economy programs, carbon and water footprint measurement computer systems, and eco-efficient facilities are clear examples that enable the formation of this dimension of the GIC. Finally, the analysis of green relational capital (GRC) highlights the importance of the company-stakeholder link for the proper environmental management of the winery.