A study on relation of TSH (Thyroid stimulating hormone) levels in smokers and non-smokers- prospective study

Background: The effect of smoking on thyroid is believed to be due to the compound thiocyanate, a potent inhibitor of iodide transport, potentially capable of affecting the thyroid function. TSH is the major regulator of the morphologic and functional states of the thyroid. All steps in the formation and release of thyroid hormones are stimulated by TSH secreted by the pituitary thyrotrophs. These include both pro- (e.g. thyroid stimulating) and anti-thyroid actions and also actions that increase susceptibility to or exacerbation of the manifestations of Graves’ disease. Thus, this study may be instrumental in early detection and management of thyroid disease in smokers. The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare TSH thyroid stimulating hormones status in smokers and non smokers.Methods: A prospective study is done with 60 patients divided into 2 groups. Group 1 (healthy male non-smokers) as control and Group 2 (healthy male smokers). Fasting blood samples were collected and serum TSH levels were estimated. The data was analyzed using unpaired t test.Results: In the present study significant decrease in TSH observed in the cases compared to the controls. Mean±S.D of TSH in Group 1 is 2.80±0.83 and Group 2 is 1.00±1.02, there is a significant decrease in serum TSH levels in Group 2.Interpretations & Conclusion: The finding in this study indicates that smoking is associated with biochemical hyperthyroidism. Hence evaluating thyroid hormone status in smokers might help in identifying occurrence of thyroid disorders and appropriate measures could be taken to prevent severity of morbidity and mortality associated with smoking.