Comparison of oil-impregnated papers with SiO2 and ZnO nanoparticles or high lignin content, for the effect of superimposed impulse voltage on AC surface PD

Surface discharge behavior of modified oil-impregnated paper (OIP) with nanoparticles (NPs), has been investigated under AC voltage with superimposed impulses. Surface Partial Discharges (PD) can develop at an oil-paper interface and lead to its degradation. Modified paper, made from fibers with adsorbed nanoparticles, can affect the partial discharge behavior of a paper in combination with oil at the interface between oil and fibers. Papers with two different concentrations (2 wt% and 6 wt%) of silica (SiO 2 ), and paper with silanized zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (1 wt%) have been studied. Papers with SiO 2 NPs showed lower impulse-induced surface PD activity. However, thorough purification during the production of SiO 2 filled papers was necessary to achieve a good performance. With less purification, paper with 2 wt% of SiO 2 did not show such significant improvements. Paper with 6 wt% of SiO 2 NPs showed a large number of AC surface PDs, but low influence of impulse voltage on subsequent PD. Papers containing 1 wt% of silanized ZnO showed reduced relative permittivity, but no significant difference in surface PD behavior. The effect of high lignin content in Kraft paper has also been studied. Paper with higher lignin content showed better surface PD characteristics under the impulse. Paper with low concentrations of pure SiO 2 NPs, and paper with high lignin content thus appear good candidates for further studies to improve the surface PD behavior of OIP.