Removal of tetrabromobisphenol-A from aqueous solution by Al13-Montmorillonite modified with different types of surfactants and transition metals

In this study, remediation of tetrabromobisphenol-A (TBBPA) from aqueous solution by sorption using transition metals-modified inorganic–organic montmorillonite (IOMt) was demonstrated. The adsorbents were prepared in two steps: (1) intercalation of surfactants into Al13-pillared montmorillonite for synthesizing two types of IOMt; (2) incorporation of transition metals (Cu2+, Ni2+, or Co2+) onto those IOMts. Firstly, these materials were characterized by XRD, FTIR, TGA, SEM-EDS, and BET analyses. Then, experiments were conducted on the sorption isotherms, kinetics, and thermodynamics of TBBPA. In general, sorption process with Cu- and Ni-modified IOMt achieved higher TBBPA removal efficiency than sorption process with original IOMt. The modified IOMt displayed the sorption capacity that varied depending on TBBPA initial concentration, pH, and metals loading. However, the type of surfactants did not influence TBBPA sorption on metals-modified IOMt. This probably indicated that complex interaction b...