DEVELOPMENT OF AGRARIAN SCIENCE AND AGRARIAN EDUCATION: STATE, FORECASTS

In the federal law No. 264-FZ of December 29, 2006 "On the development of agriculture" [1], the development of science and innovation in the field of the agro-industrial complex is defined among the main directions of the state agricultural policy (Article 5, paragraph 5). In the same federal law (Article 5, Clause 7), the main direction of the state agrarian policy is “improving the system of education, training and retraining of specialists for agriculture”. Scientific and technological support of agriculture is a vital necessity for the development of the industry in modern conditions, because the technologies and programs for the functioning of domestic agriculture that have been in force until now have exhausted the possibilities of conducting agricultural activities without introducing scientific advances in agricultural production in the field of crop production, animal husbandry, poultry farming and other areas of agricultural economy. Seed growing of potatoes and vegetables, both open and protected, remains a problem. And for some crops, imported seeds are used in production, which is a threat to food security and food independence of the Russian state. Practically, the same situation is in livestock and poultry farming, where breeding animals and breeding eggs purchased in foreign countries are used. Imported antibiotics and other veterinary drugs, as well as herbicides and pesticides and other agrochemicals used in Russian agriculture remain at risk. Despite the government decisions made, domestic agricultural producers, due to the lack of the necessary agricultural machinery and equipment in the Russian Federation, continue to purchase technical means and spare parts for them abroad, which causes risky situations, aggravated by financial instability in the world due to pandemic of the new coronavirus infection "Covid-19", economic sanctions and other negative factors. The above circumstances objectively call for the accelerated development of domestic agricultural science. This task should be carried out by students and postgraduates of agricultural universities using scientific laboratories within the walls of the university, graduates of agricultural universities and academies working in scientific institutions of the Russian Academy of Sciences and other research organizations, as well as specialists working in agricultural organizations. In order to successfully solve the problems of scientific and technological development of agricultural production, researchers must receive the necessary knowledge and qualifications, and, most importantly, skills for research activities in the process of studying at an agricultural university.