GyrB inhibitors as potential antibacterial agents: a review

Bacterial resistance to antibiotics is rising to dangerously high levels globally making it one of the most urgent public health problems. Hence, there is an urgent need to develop new and potent antibacterial agents. ATP-dependent bacterial GyrB enzyme is crucial for the maintenance of DNA topology and survival of bacterial cells. GyrB is ubiquitous in bacterial cells but absent in human making it an attractive target for the development of antibacterial agents. Several GyrB inhibitors are described in the literature including coumarins, synthetic coumarins, triazine derivatives, benzimidazole ureas, benzothiazole ureas, pyrimidine-based analogues, pyrrolopyrimidines, 9H-pyrimido[4,5-b]indoles, thiazole-aminopiperidine hybrid analogue, pyrimido[4,5-b]indol-8-amine, aminopyrazinamide, thiazolyl pyrazole carboxamides, 3-(thiazol-2-yl)-1H-indazole derivatives, natural flavonoid quercetin and phytotoxin albicidin. etc. In the present review, we present structural information on different GyrB enzyme inhibitors and update status which may be used for the design and development of potent inhibitors against this enzyme.