The influence of the term of military service and extreme climatic conditions on the parameters of cardiovascular system

BACKGROUND:The state of the cardiovascular system is one of the central links in the adaptation of servicemen and persons involved in priority sectors of the economy to the extreme climatic conditions of the Arctic and Subtropical zones. AIM:To evaluate the indicators of the cardiovascular system in military personnel, depending on the length of military service in extreme climatic conditions. MATERIALS AND METHODS:A single-stage randomized cross-sectional study included 313 male contract servicemen, 2840 years old. The subjects were grouped into three groups: those serving in the Arctic zone, in the Middle Zone and a group serving in the conditions of the mid-mountain Subtropical zone. An alternative way of dividing the sample was the distribution of military personnel according to the length of stay in the current climatic and geographical conditions. Pulse oximetry and assessment of regional blood circulation were performed. RESULTS:In military personnel serving in the Arctic and Subtropical zones, in contrast to service in the Middle climatic zone, a set of changes was revealed, including: an increase in the proportion of military personnel with arterial hypoxemia and an increase in vascular stiffness associated with an increase in the proportion of military personnel with pulse wave type A, corresponding to a rigid artery wall, and a decrease in the proportion of persons with pulse wave type waves with, corresponding to the high elasticity of the arterial wall. In military personnel serving in the conditions of the mid-mountain Subtropical zone, the increase in vascular stiffness was less pronounced, but covered a larger percentage of military personnel. As the service life increases, vascular stiffness gradually increases from 16,714,2 conl. units, in the first 5 years, to 8,014,3 conl. units in 510 years, and to 0,516,0 conventional units in military personnel with a service life of more than 10 years. CONCLUSIONS:With an increase in the duration of stay in unfavorable climatic conditions of the Arctic and mid-mountain Subtropical zones, the cardiovascular system is depleted in the form of a decrease in saturation and an increase in arterial hypoxemia with a restructuring of vascular reactions according to hypertension with an experience of more than 10 years.