Establishment from Seed of Selected Umbelliferae in Unmanaged Grassland

Seeds of 10 members of the Umbelliferae were sown separately into plots of unmanaged turf in October 1984. Emergence was monitored at frequent intervals and took place mostly between February and May 1985. Nine species emerged in relatively large numbers but Conium maculatum did not. Survival was recorded until 1987, by which time only four species were still present. Three of these species flowered (Anthriscus sylvestris, Heracleum sphondylium and Pimpinella major), but the fourth (Conopodium majus) did not. Most flowering took place for the first time in 1988. 3. Several attributes of the 10 species are considered as possible determinants of establishment success (...)