Physicochemical characterization of wines produced using indigenous yeasts from cold climate grapes

The aim of the study was the physicochemical characterization of wines produced using indigenous yeasts isolated from spontaneously fermented grape musts, obtained from cold climate grapes. Saccharomyces cerevisiae MH020215 and Nakawazaea ishiwadae MG971259 yeast strains were used in this study. The musts obtained from white and red grapes of Johanniter and regent varieties were used as a fermentation raw material. In the produced wines, content of ethyl alcohol, total extract, sugars, free amino nitrogen was analyzed, along with determination of total and volatile acidity and volatile compounds profile. Additionally, organoleptic evaluation was performed. Wines obtained with native S. cerevisiae MH020215 strains were characterized with more favorable enological properties. Synthesis of desirable volatile compounds, especially esters, contributed to the creation of desirable aromatic profile of those wines. Moreover, those beverages contained higher levels of carbonyl compounds (especially acetaldehyde) and lower methanol content. Wines obtained using N. ishiwadae MG971259 cultures were represented by high total acidity level and substantial fusel alcohol content (mainly butanol, propanol), which resulted in an unfavorable sensory profile of the product.