Paraoxonase1 55 and 192 gene polymorphisms in an Egyptian population with diabetic complications

Type 2 diabetes is a polygenic disease characterized by interaction of environmental and genetic factors. The paraoxonase 1 gene (PON1) 55 and 192 polymorphisms have been reported to be associated with type 2 diabetes and its complications. Our aim is to study the PON1 55, 192 gene polymorphisms and enzyme activity in type 2 diabetic Egyptian population with complications. 100 type 2 diabetic patients with complications (34 with cardiac and 66 with microvascular complications (neuropathy, retinopathy and/or nephropathy)). This was in addition to 100 healthy control subjects of matched age and sex were taken. PON1 55 L⁄M and 192 Q⁄R gene polymorphisms and PON1 enzyme activity serum levels were detected. The LL genotype of PON1 55 polymorphism and QR and QQ genotypes of PON1 192 polymorphism were more frequent among the patients with diabetic complications. The PON1 enzyme activity levels were lower among the diabetic patients than in control subjects. PON1 55 and 192 polymorphisms and enzyme activity seems to be related to diabetic complications in this population.