Double-Imprinted Cross-Linked Poly(Acrylamide-co-Ethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate) as a Novel Sorbent for the On-Line Preconcentration and Determination of Copper(II) by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

An on-line preconcentration system was coupled to flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) for the determination of copper(II) in water using poly(acrylamide-co-ethylene glycol dimethacrylate) synthesized via a hierarchical double-imprinting process. The on-line preconcentration procedure was based on loading the sample into a minicolumn packed with the synthesized material, followed by elution with 1.8 mol L−1 HNO3. To achieve the highest performance, the method was optimized by 25-1 fractional and 22 full factorial designs. Under the optimum conditions, the following analytical parameters were obtained: detection limit of 0.48 µ gL−1, quantification limit of 1.61 µgL−1, preconcentration factor of 31.0, consumption index of 0.58 mL, preconcentration efficiency of 8.63 min−1, and sample throughput of 15 h−1. The precision of the method was evaluated as the relative standard deviation (n=10) of 10.0 and 150.0 µgL−1 copper(II), yielding values of 3.27% and 1.97%, respectively. The analytical efficacy of ...