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Association between weight cycling and risk of kidney cancer: a prospective cohort study and meta-analysis of observational studies
- Source :
- Cancer Causes & Control. 32:1029-1038
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2021.
-
Abstract
- Weight cycling is common in populations. However, it is unclear whether frequency and magnitude of weight cycling is associated with kidney cancer risk, independent of body mass index (BMI). A prospective cohort study followed 85,562 participants from Health Professionals Follow-up Study and Nurses’ Health Study (1992–2014). At baseline, participants reported frequency and magnitude of intentional weight loss in the past 4 years. Cox proportional hazard model was used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). We also conducted a meta-analysis of all available observational studies including our two cohorts. During 22 years of follow-up, we identified 441 kidney cancer cases. Compared with non-weight cyclers (no attempt of intentional weight loss), severe cyclers (≥ 3 times of intentional weight loss of ≥ 4.5 kg) were at increased kidney cancer risk after adjusting for BMI before weight cycling (pooled multivariable-adjusted HR, 1.78; 95% CI, 1.19, 2.66). Additional adjustment for attained BMI after weight cycling had minimal influence. There was a positive trend between weight cycling by frequency and magnitude and kidney cancer risk (P-trend = 0.01). Moreover, the observed positive association did not differ by subtypes of cyclers (e.g., adiposity status, weight-loss methods). In the meta-analysis, we found a strong positive association between weight cycling and kidney cancer risk (summary relative risk for weight cyclers vs. non-cyclers, 1.51; 95% CI, 1.16, 1.96; I2: 52.2%; 6 studies). Frequent substantial weight cycling was associated with increased risk of kidney cancer, independent of BMI. Our study suggests that weight cycling may be an important risk factor for kidney cancer.
- Subjects :
- Cancer Research
medicine.medical_specialty
business.industry
Hazard ratio
Weight change
medicine.disease
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Oncology
030220 oncology & carcinogenesis
Relative risk
Internal medicine
medicine
030212 general & internal medicine
Risk factor
business
Prospective cohort study
Body mass index
Kidney cancer
Cohort study
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 15737225 and 09575243
- Volume :
- 32
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Cancer Causes & Control
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi...........b3f67a8f4c383f9226b5ac74809bd981