Fish oil-containing multicomponent lipid emulsion vs soy-based lipid emulsion and neurodevelopmental outcomes of children born < 29 weeks’ gestation

To compare neurodevelopmental outcomes of extremely preterm children who received soy-medium chain triglycerides-olive-fish oil-containing lipid emulsion (SMOF-LE) vs soy-based LE. We conducted a pre-post comparative cohort study of children born 7 days of LE. Outcomes were mortality/significant neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI), mortality/any NDI, significant NDI, any NDI, and individual components of NDI. Among children with follow-up data (Intralipid: n = 340/442, 77%; SMOF-LE: n = 214/286, 75%), baseline characteristics were comparable except for postnatal steroids. There was no significant difference in death/significant NDI between groups. Adjusted odds of death/any NDI [0.68 (95% CI 0.48, 0.97)], any NDI [0.64 (95% CI 0.44, 0.93)] and Bayley-III language score